Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development

M. I. Radhika ¹, M. S. Thenmozhi ², Mahesh Ramakrishnan ³

Affiliations
1 Graduate Student, Department of Human Anatomy, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IN
2 Professor and Head, Department of Human Anatomy, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IN
3 Reader, Department of Pedodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IN

Abstract

Background: Foramen spinosum is an important opening on the infratemporal surface of the greater wing of sphenoid bone and lies posterior to the foramen ovale. It transmits the middle menengial vessels and nervous spinosum. It can be identified both from the interior and exterior of the skull base.

Aim: To Understand the anatomy and Morphometry of the foramen spinosum in different skulls of South Indian population and to determine the exact range of measurement, the variations, asymmetry and inequality of size seen in foramen spinosum.

Materials and Method: Thirty dry skulls were examined for the foramen spinosum in the middle cranial fossa and at the extra cranial view at the skull base. The type of foramen spinosum will be classified according to its shape. The data were recorded and tabulated.

Results: The mean length of foramen spinosum was 2.534 ± 0.610 mm and the mean width was 2.36 ± 0.57 mm. Conclusion: The study showed variations in the size and shape and irregularity affecting the margins of the foramen spinosum.

Keywords

Foramen Spinosum, Middle Cranial Fossa, Middle Menengial Artery.

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Sarah Banu ¹, Mahesh Ramakrishnan ²

Affiliations
1 Under-Graduate Student, Department of Pedodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IN
2 Reader, Department of Pedodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IN

Abstract

Mouth ulcer is a very common and painful condition, which is categorized as aphthous stomatitis. It is most commonly seen in early childhood and adolescence. These ulcers are small round with circumscribed margins with yellow floor. They are pearl coloured flakes in the mouth or inside the lips. These are oral mucosal lesions and these ulcers are commonly called as Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS). There are also different types of ulcers like minor ulcers which are not very large in size and heal within 7-14 days, major ulcers heal slowly which can extend up to weeks or months and the third one is herpetiform ulcer which is multiple pinpoint ulcers that heal within a month. Some reason for the occurrence of ulcers could be stress, trauma, stopping smoking, menstruation and food allergy. Sometimes it could also be due to deficiency of iron, vitamin B12. In children aphthae occurs also due to periodic or high fever, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis.

Keywords

Aphthous Ulcer, Minor Ulcer, Major Ulcer, Herpetiform.

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S. Kayalvali ¹, Mahesh Ramakrishnan ²

Affiliations
1 Undergraduate Student, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IN
2 Reader, Department of Pedodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IN

Abstract

Background: Cataracts are the most common cause of vision loss in people over age 40 and is the principal cause of blindness in the world. A cataract is a clouding of the lens in the eye leading to a decrease in vision. Clumps of protein in lens clouds the lens and reduces the sharpness of the image reaching the retina, It can affect one or both eyes. Often it develops slowly. Most cataracts are related to aging. Knowledge regarding cataract can help in early diagnosis and can prevent further complications like blindness.

Aim: A questionnaire based study to know the awareness of cataract among female patients visiting Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals from 40-50 age group.

Materials and Method: Questionnaire regarding the knowledge regarding cataract was distributed to the female patients aged 40-50yrs who agreed to participate in the study. The results were tabulated.

Results: The overall knowledge and awareness of cataract among female patients is poor. The study found poor understanding of the definition, risk factors, signs, symptoms, and treatment of cataract.

Conclusion: The study identified lacunae in awareness of cataract among female patients. The basic knowledge in early identification and treatment of cataract can prevent most of the complications.

Keywords

Awareness, Cataract, Blindness, Females.

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Sara Banu ¹, Mahesh Ramakrishnan ²

Affiliations
1 Graduate Student, Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IN
2 Reader, Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IN

Abstract

Drugs taken during pregnancy can have positive as well as negative effects on the developing embryo. Many drugs are prescribed by the doctor for the benefits of the foetus like the multivitamin supplements which reduce the risks of cardiovascular defects; oral clefts and urinary tract defects in their infants.Some drugs can also have many complicated effects on the foetus. Mother suffering from diseases and the medications taken for the treatment of such diseases during pregnancy will lead to abnormal changes in the baby. Anticonvulsant drugs have been known to be one of the most commonly used drugs which is unavoidable and hence the harmful effect of the drug on the foetus. The drugs which are known to cause harmful effects on the foetus are phenobarbital, phenytoin, carbamazepine, tetracycline, thalidomide, warfarin. The complications of the drugs do not only depend on the type of drug taken but also on the the dosage, gestation time, number of times the drug taken and various other factors.This review addresses some of the routinely used drugs on their teratogenic effects.

Keywords

Teratogenic Drugs, Embroyo, Foetus.

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Sara Banu ¹, Mahesh Ramakrishnan ²

Affiliations
1 Graduate Student, Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IN
2 Reader, Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IN

Abstract

Drugs taken during pregnancy can have positive as well as negative effects on the developing embryo. Many drugs are prescribed by the doctor for the benefits of the foetus like the multivitamin supplements which reduce the risks of cardiovascular defects; oral clefts and urinary tract defects in their infants.Some drugs can also have many complicated effects on the foetus. Mother suffering from diseases and the medications taken for the treatment of such diseases during pregnancy will lead to abnormal changes in the baby. Anticonvulsant drugs have been known to be one of the most commonly used drugs which is unavoidable and hence the harmful effect of the drug on the foetus. The drugs which are known to cause harmful effects on the foetus are phenobarbital, phenytoin, carbamazepine, tetracycline, thalidomide, warfarin. The complications of the drugs do not only depend on the type of drug taken but also on the the dosage, gestation time, number of times the drug taken and various other factors.This review addresses some of the routinely used drugs on their teratogenic effects.

Keywords

Teratogenic Drugs, Embroyo, Foetus.

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C. S. Vane Swetah ¹, Mahesh Ramakrishnan ²

Affiliations
1 Under-Graduate Student, Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IN
2 Reader, Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IN

Abstract

Aim: To understand the levels of anxiety among children for various dental procedures using MCDAS.

Materials and Method: The study was conducted in Saveetha dental college, Chennai with 100 outpatient children who reported to the clinics. They were given a questionnaire to fill with the help of Modified Child Anxiety Scale-Faces Version. The results were then tabulated and calculated.

Results: The results showed that children are more anxious about getting injections or having their tooth extracted. On the other end of the spectrum, they appear more composed when the dentist merely cleans their teeth. The results show a decrease in anxiety levels with age.

Conclusion: The MCDAS is a reliable parameter to measure the anxiety levels in children. The study also showed increased levels of fear during invasive procedures such as extraction and getting injections.

Keywords

Dental Anxiety, MCDAS, Children, Phobia.

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